COATING
with DIAGLIDE®
SURFACES
The requirements are different for every component. Our DIAGRIP coating process is flexible and has an adjustable degree of hardness. We adapt to your needs. Please feel free to get in touch.
DIAGLIDE® Schichten coatings can be applied to any component with accurate contours.
Rotor shaft
PRODUCT
SYSTEMSHEET
Composite or dispersion coating based on nickel and nickel-phosphorus on metal substrate
CHARACTERISTIC:
> Wear resistant frictional pairing of metallic components
> Adjustable hardness of the nickel-phosphorous layer (approx. 550 HV0,1 to approx. 950 HV0,1)
> High corrosion resistance with nickel and nickel-phosphorous
> Good contour accuracy and very even layer thickness with electroless nickel
> High layer thicknesses when using nickel electroplating
APPLICATION:
Tribological pairings in functional systems with high friction and corrosion loads with and without temperature stress, e.g. hydraulic systems, pressure cylinders, engine and gearbox components, cylinder tracks.
LAYER CHARACTERISTICS:
Nickel or nickel-phosphorous layers from approx. 5 μm to approx. 800 μm with dispersion materials (SiC, B4C)
Nanodispersions (< 1 μm) up to dispersions > 100 μm
Friction coefficient μ = <0,3 depending on the finishing
SUBSTRATE CHARACTERISTICS:
Electroplatable base material with adapted, defined roughness
PRODUKT
SYSTEMSHEET
+ The all-rounder for tribological systems
+ Reduces friction and wear
+ Can be used on all components
+ High lubricant film affinity
+ Optimal sliding behaviour
+ Wear-resistant friction pairing
+ Permanent corrosion protection
+ Adjustable hardness (400 – 1,100 HV)
+ Increases security factor
+ Cost reduction for individual components
+ Easy handling
Composite and dispersion layers based on nickel, nickel-phosphorous and chrome stand out for combining several important characteristics, or for making it possible to adapt their die characteristics depending on their composition and/or heat treatmentto the requirements of specific applications.. This can be illustrated by means of a network diagram for qualitative evaluation, on the basis of which the user can select the required properties.
PRODUKT
SYSTEMSHEET
In numerous applications, it is necessary to move metallic components on top of each other without them being subject to noticeable wear during use. Depending on the area of application, such component or material contact can take place with or without additional lubricant.
Typical examples of components are rotors and plungers for oil production, drive components for combustion engines, gearboxes or compressors, hydraulic cylinders or hydraulic components, pumps, pressure cylinders or components in textile machines. In most cases, the requirements go beyond a high wear resistance paired with low friction, in that, in particular, a high corrosion resistance of the surface is also needed. In addition, applied DIAGLIDE® coating systems must have exceptionally good adhesion to the base material and, in the case of cost-intensive components, allow damaged or worn surfaces to be repaired.
Wear-resistant coatings with a high degree of widespread use are mainly those based on chromium and nickel or nickel alloys, which are used for DIAGLIDE®-coatings. Both materials have a high to very high basic hardness. Hard materials withstand the mechanical stresses caused by pressure and/or friction. This avoids the break-out and break-off of coating fragments.
If, on the other hand, such break-outs and break-offs occur and get caught between moving components, they act as abrasive particles and increase the damage to the surface due to wear.
Another possibility for reducing wear is the incorporation of friction-reducing solid lubricants – so-called dispersion layers. Proven solid lubricants include, for example, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene – Teflon), hexagonal boron nitride, but also graphite and MoS2. As a matrix material for embedding solid lubricants, electroplated and electroless nickel as well as nickel-phosphorous alloys offer ideal conditions for producing surfaces with different properties tailored to the respective application. The hardness of the layers can be adjusted in a range between about 450 HV and about 1,100 HV. The corrosion resistance of the coatings varies depending on the selected phosphorus content.”
PRODUKT
SYSTEMSHEET
The properties of metal workpieces are improved
by applying DIAGLIDE® coatings in terms of wear and corrosion. . Depending on the application, different variants from the
group of composite and dispersion coatings are available.
| Variants byelectroless deposition | Variants by electrolytic deposition |
|
Nickel + nickel-phosphorus dispersion |
Nickel + nickel dispersion |
| – | Nickel + chromium (chromium electrolytic) |
| Nickel-phosphorus + nickel-phosphorus dispersion | Nickel + nickel-phosphorus dispersion |
| Nickel + chromium | Nickel-phosphorus + nickel-phosphorus dispersion |
| Nickel-phosphorus + chromium | – |
The alloy variant nickel-phosphoruscan be deposited bothelectrolessly/external current-free ( > high contour accuracy, > low deposition speed) and electrolytically ( > low contour accuracy, > high deposition speed).
Electrolessly deposited nickel is preferred for layer thicknesses below 30 μm (0.03 mm) due to the low deposition speed. Electrolytically deposited nickel is suitable for layers up to several millimetres thick.For dispersion coatings based on nickel, the following variants are available:
| Characteristic | Electrolessly deposited | Electroplated |
|
Deposition rate |
0,17 μm/min – 0,35 μm/min |
3 μm/min – 10 μm/min |
|
Material |
Nickel-phosphorous alloy with 2 % to 12 % phosphorous |
Nickel + nickel-phosphorous alloy with 2 % to 12 % phosphorous |
|
Layer thicknesses |
up to 30 μm (in exceptional cases up to 100 μm) |
50 μm– 200 μm (up to 1000 μm on request) |
|
Dispersion material |
Diamond, silicon carbide (SiC),. hex. boron nitride (hBN), boron carbide (B4C), PTFE; nanoparticles (< 1 μm) |
Diamond, silicon carbide (SiC), hex. boron nitride (hBN), boron carbide(B4C) |
|
Particle sizes |
1-3 Nano / μm or specialised applications up to 50 μm) |
1-3 Nano / μm |
|
Contour accuracy |
High |
Medium-high |
PRODUKT
SYSTEMSHEET
REQUIREMENTS FOR WEAR / CORROSION RESISTANCE FROM DIAGLIDE COATINGS
The characteristic of frictional coefficient reduction is linked to certain design requirements, and certain design variants influence the characteristics of protective layers:
> Design of contact surfaces – wear when surfaces rub against each other is greatly influenced by the type and size of the actual (microscopic) contact surfaces. The roughness of the contact surfaces and the orientation of machining structures such as turning or grinding grooves play a role here. The smoother a surface, the larger the actual contact surfaces and the lower the actual surface pressure at the contact surfaces. The severity of wear tends to increase with an increase in the surface roughness of one or both friction partners.
> Hardness of the surface of the contact surfaces – a higher surface hardness improves the resistance to shearing or breaking off of material from the component surfaces of the friction partners. The risk of shearing or chipping is lower if the surfaces of the friction partners are made of the same material.
> Mechanical properties of the substrate – coatings with a high level of hardnesses, such as chromium, require a substrate with sufficiently high
load-bearing capacity to prevent the coating from cracking or breaking; alloy steels, for example, are ideally suited.
> Coating of the contact surfaces with foreign substances – the friction properties of two tribological surfaces are changed by the presence of foreign substances (oil, grease, dirt). Oil and grease usually have a positive influence on the friction properties, dirt a negative influence. However, oils and greases as well as any degradation products that may arise can impair the corrosion resistance. If dispersion coatings are used, it must be checked as to what extent foreign substances impair the effect of the embedded particles.
> Design – electroless nickel coatings (primarily nickel) are characterised by a high degree of contour accuracy and do not require mechanical finishing to achieve surfaces with a high degree of accuracy of fit. With electroplated coatings, edge build-up must be expected, which becomes more pronounced with increasing coating thickness. In individual cases, the possibilities for mechanical finishing must be checked before applying a coating.
Cross-section through the electroplatedDIAGLIDE nickel dispersion layer with embedded nanoparticles (left) and an electroless nickel-phosphorous layer with embedded silicone carbide (SiC) and very good layer distribution with contour accuracy (right).
PRODUKT
SYSTEMSHEET
SOLUTION EXAMPLES
The requirements are different for every component. Our DIAGRIP coating process is flexible and has an adjustable degree of hardness. We adapt to your needs. Please feel free to get in touch.
DIAGLIDE® Schichten coatings can be applied to any component with accurate contours.
Rotor shaft
PRODUCT
SYSTEMSHEET
AT A GLANCE
TYPE:
Composite or dispersion coating based on nickel and nickel-phosphorus on metal substrate
CHARACTERISTIC:
> Wear resistant frictional pairing of metallic components
> Adjustable hardness of the nickel-phosphorous layer (approx. 550 HV0,1 to approx. 950 HV0,1)
> High corrosion resistance with nickel and nickel-phosphorous
> Good contour accuracy and very even layer thickness with electroless nickel
> High layer thicknesses when using nickel electroplating
APPLICATION:
Tribological pairings in functional systems with high friction and corrosion loads with and without temperature stress, e.g. hydraulic systems, pressure cylinders, engine and gearbox components, cylinder tracks.
LAYER CHARACTERISTICS:
Nickel or nickel-phosphorous layers from approx. 5 μm to approx. 800 μm with dispersion materials (SiC, B4C)
Nanodispersions (< 1 μm) up to dispersions > 100 μm
Friction coefficient μ = <0,3 depending on the finishing
SUBSTRATE CHARACTERISTICS:
Electroplatable base material with adapted, defined roughness
PRODUKT
SYSTEMSHEET
ADVANTAGES
+ The all-rounder for tribological systems
+ Reduces friction and wear
+ Can be used on all components
+ High lubricant film affinity
+ Optimal sliding behaviour
+ Wear-resistant friction pairing
+ Permanent corrosion protection
+ Adjustable hardness (400 – 1,100 HV)
+ Increases security factor
+ Cost reduction for individual components
+ Easy handling
Composite and dispersion layers based on nickel, nickel-phosphorous and chrome stand out for combining several important characteristics, or for making it possible to adapt their die characteristics depending on their composition and/or heat treatmentto the requirements of specific applications.. This can be illustrated by means of a network diagram for qualitative evaluation, on the basis of which the user can select the required properties.
PRODUKT
SYSTEMSHEET
APPLICATIONS
APPLICATION
In numerous applications, it is necessary to move metallic components on top of each other without them being subject to noticeable wear during use. Depending on the area of application, such component or material contact can take place with or without additional lubricant.
Typical examples of components are rotors and plungers for oil production, drive components for combustion engines, gearboxes or compressors, hydraulic cylinders or hydraulic components, pumps, pressure cylinders or components in textile machines. In most cases, the requirements go beyond a high wear resistance paired with low friction, in that, in particular, a high corrosion resistance of the surface is also needed. In addition, applied DIAGLIDE® coating systems must have exceptionally good adhesion to the base material and, in the case of cost-intensive components, allow damaged or worn surfaces to be repaired.
Wear-resistant coatings with a high degree of widespread use are mainly those based on chromium and nickel or nickel alloys, which are used for DIAGLIDE®-coatings. Both materials have a high to very high basic hardness. Hard materials withstand the mechanical stresses caused by pressure and/or friction. This avoids the break-out and break-off of coating fragments.
If, on the other hand, such break-outs and break-offs occur and get caught between moving components, they act as abrasive particles and increase the damage to the surface due to wear.
Another possibility for reducing wear is the incorporation of friction-reducing solid lubricants – so-called dispersion layers. Proven solid lubricants include, for example, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene – Teflon), hexagonal boron nitride, but also graphite and MoS2. As a matrix material for embedding solid lubricants, electroplated and electroless nickel as well as nickel-phosphorous alloys offer ideal conditions for producing surfaces with different properties tailored to the respective application. The hardness of the layers can be adjusted in a range between about 450 HV and about 1,100 HV. The corrosion resistance of the coatings varies depending on the selected phosphorus content.”
PRODUKT
SYSTEMSHEET
PARAMETERS
The properties of metal workpieces are improved
by applying DIAGLIDE® coatings in terms of wear and corrosion. . Depending on the application, different variants from the
group of composite and dispersion coatings are available.
| Variants byelectroless deposition | Variants by electrolytic deposition |
|
Nickel + nickel-phosphorus dispersion |
Nickel + nickel dispersion |
| – | Nickel + chromium (chromium electrolytic) |
| Nickel-phosphorus + nickel-phosphorus dispersion | Nickel + nickel-phosphorus dispersion |
| Nickel + chromium | Nickel-phosphorus + nickel-phosphorus dispersion |
| Nickel-phosphorus + chromium | – |
The alloy variant nickel-phosphoruscan be deposited bothelectrolessly/external current-free ( > high contour accuracy, > low deposition speed) and electrolytically ( > low contour accuracy, > high deposition speed).
Electrolessly deposited nickel is preferred for layer thicknesses below 30 μm (0.03 mm) due to the low deposition speed. Electrolytically deposited nickel is suitable for layers up to several millimetres thick.For dispersion coatings based on nickel, the following variants are available:
| Characteristic | Electrolessly deposited | Electroplated |
|
Deposition rate |
0,17 μm/min – 0,35 μm/min |
3 μm/min – 10 μm/min |
|
Material |
Nickel-phosphorous alloy with 2 % to 12 % phosphorous |
Nickel + nickel-phosphorous alloy with 2 % to 12 % phosphorous |
|
Layer thicknesses |
up to 30 μm (in exceptional cases up to 100 μm) |
50 μm– 200 μm (up to 1000 μm on request) |
|
Dispersion material |
Diamond, silicon carbide (SiC),. hex. boron nitride (hBN), boron carbide (B4C), PTFE; nanoparticles (< 1 μm) |
Diamond, silicon carbide (SiC), hex. boron nitride (hBN), boron carbide(B4C) |
|
Particle sizes |
1-3 Nano / μm or specialised applications up to 50 μm) |
1-3 Nano / μm |
|
Contour accuracy |
High |
Medium-high |
PRODUKT
SYSTEMSHEET
REQUIREMENTS
REQUIREMENTS FOR WEAR / CORROSION RESISTANCE FROM DIAGLIDE COATINGS
The characteristic of frictional coefficient reduction is linked to certain design requirements, and certain design variants influence the characteristics of protective layers:
> Design of contact surfaces – wear when surfaces rub against each other is greatly influenced by the type and size of the actual (microscopic) contact surfaces. The roughness of the contact surfaces and the orientation of machining structures such as turning or grinding grooves play a role here. The smoother a surface, the larger the actual contact surfaces and the lower the actual surface pressure at the contact surfaces. The severity of wear tends to increase with an increase in the surface roughness of one or both friction partners.
> Hardness of the surface of the contact surfaces – a higher surface hardness improves the resistance to shearing or breaking off of material from the component surfaces of the friction partners. The risk of shearing or chipping is lower if the surfaces of the friction partners are made of the same material.
> Mechanical properties of the substrate – coatings with a high level of hardnesses, such as chromium, require a substrate with sufficiently high
load-bearing capacity to prevent the coating from cracking or breaking; alloy steels, for example, are ideally suited.
> Coating of the contact surfaces with foreign substances – the friction properties of two tribological surfaces are changed by the presence of foreign substances (oil, grease, dirt). Oil and grease usually have a positive influence on the friction properties, dirt a negative influence. However, oils and greases as well as any degradation products that may arise can impair the corrosion resistance. If dispersion coatings are used, it must be checked as to what extent foreign substances impair the effect of the embedded particles.
> Design – electroless nickel coatings (primarily nickel) are characterised by a high degree of contour accuracy and do not require mechanical finishing to achieve surfaces with a high degree of accuracy of fit. With electroplated coatings, edge build-up must be expected, which becomes more pronounced with increasing coating thickness. In individual cases, the possibilities for mechanical finishing must be checked before applying a coating.
Cross-section through the electroplatedDIAGLIDE nickel dispersion layer with embedded nanoparticles (left) and an electroless nickel-phosphorous layer with embedded silicone carbide (SiC) and very good layer distribution with contour accuracy (right).
PRODUKT
SYSTEMSHEET
SOLUTION EXAMPLES
The requirements are different for every component. Our DIAGRIP coating process is flexible and has an adjustable degree of hardness. We adapt to your needs. Please feel free to get in touch.
DIAGLIDE® Schichten coatings can be applied to any component with accurate contours.
Rotor shaft
PRODUCT
SYSTEMSHEET
AT A GLANCE
Composite or dispersion coating based on nickel and nickel-phosphorus on metal substrate
CHARACTERISTIC:
> Wear resistant frictional pairing of metallic components
> Adjustable hardness of the nickel-phosphorous layer (approx. 550 HV0,1 to approx. 950 HV0,1)
> High corrosion resistance with nickel and nickel-phosphorous
> Good contour accuracy and very even layer thickness with electroless nickel
> High layer thicknesses when using nickel electroplating
APPLICATION:
Tribological pairings in functional systems with high friction and corrosion loads with and without temperature stress, e.g. hydraulic systems, pressure cylinders, engine and gearbox components, cylinder tracks.
LAYER CHARACTERISTICS:
Nickel or nickel-phosphorous layers from approx. 5 μm to approx. 800 μm with dispersion materials (SiC, B4C)
Nanodispersions (< 1 μm) up to dispersions > 100 μm
Friction coefficient μ = <0,3 depending on the finishing
SUBSTRATE CHARACTERISTICS:
Electroplatable base material with adapted, defined roughness
PRODUKT
SYSTEMSHEET
ADVANTAGES
+ The all-rounder for tribological systems
+ Reduces friction and wear
+ Can be used on all components
+ High lubricant film affinity
+ Optimal sliding behaviour
+ Wear-resistant friction pairing
+ Permanent corrosion protection
+ Adjustable hardness (400 – 1,100 HV)
+ Increases security factor
+ Cost reduction for individual components
+ Easy handling
Composite and dispersion layers based on nickel, nickel-phosphorous and chrome stand out for combining several important characteristics, or for making it possible to adapt their die characteristics depending on their composition and/or heat treatmentto the requirements of specific applications.. This can be illustrated by means of a network diagram for qualitative evaluation, on the basis of which the user can select the required properties.
PRODUKT
SYSTEMSHEET
APPLICATIONS
In numerous applications, it is necessary to move metallic components on top of each other without them being subject to noticeable wear during use. Depending on the area of application, such component or material contact can take place with or without additional lubricant.
Typical examples of components are rotors and plungers for oil production, drive components for combustion engines, gearboxes or compressors, hydraulic cylinders or hydraulic components, pumps, pressure cylinders or components in textile machines. In most cases, the requirements go beyond a high wear resistance paired with low friction, in that, in particular, a high corrosion resistance of the surface is also needed. In addition, applied DIAGLIDE® coating systems must have exceptionally good adhesion to the base material and, in the case of cost-intensive components, allow damaged or worn surfaces to be repaired.
Wear-resistant coatings with a high degree of widespread use are mainly those based on chromium and nickel or nickel alloys, which are used for DIAGLIDE®-coatings. Both materials have a high to very high basic hardness. Hard materials withstand the mechanical stresses caused by pressure and/or friction. This avoids the break-out and break-off of coating fragments.
If, on the other hand, such break-outs and break-offs occur and get caught between moving components, they act as abrasive particles and increase the damage to the surface due to wear.
Another possibility for reducing wear is the incorporation of friction-reducing solid lubricants – so-called dispersion layers. Proven solid lubricants include, for example, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene – Teflon), hexagonal boron nitride, but also graphite and MoS2. As a matrix material for embedding solid lubricants, electroplated and electroless nickel as well as nickel-phosphorous alloys offer ideal conditions for producing surfaces with different properties tailored to the respective application. The hardness of the layers can be adjusted in a range between about 450 HV and about 1,100 HV. The corrosion resistance of the coatings varies depending on the selected phosphorus content.”
PRODUKT
SYSTEMSHEET
PARAMETERS
The properties of metal workpieces are improved
by applying DIAGLIDE® coatings in terms of wear and corrosion. . Depending on the application, different variants from the
group of composite and dispersion coatings are available.
| Variants byelectroless deposition | Variants by electrolytic deposition |
|
Nickel + nickel-phosphorus dispersion |
Nickel + nickel dispersion |
| – | Nickel + chromium (chromium electrolytic) |
| Nickel-phosphorus + nickel-phosphorus dispersion | Nickel + nickel-phosphorus dispersion |
| Nickel + chromium | Nickel-phosphorus + nickel-phosphorus dispersion |
| Nickel-phosphorus + chromium | – |
The alloy variant nickel-phosphoruscan be deposited bothelectrolessly/external current-free ( > high contour accuracy, > low deposition speed) and electrolytically ( > low contour accuracy, > high deposition speed).
Electrolessly deposited nickel is preferred for layer thicknesses below 30 μm (0.03 mm) due to the low deposition speed. Electrolytically deposited nickel is suitable for layers up to several millimetres thick.For dispersion coatings based on nickel, the following variants are available:
| Characteristic | Electrolessly deposited | Electroplated |
|
Deposition rate |
0,17 μm/min – 0,35 μm/min |
3 μm/min – 10 μm/min |
|
Material |
Nickel-phosphorous alloy with 2 % to 12 % phosphorous |
Nickel + nickel-phosphorous alloy with 2 % to 12 % phosphorous |
|
Layer thicknesses |
up to 30 μm (in exceptional cases up to 100 μm) |
50 μm– 200 μm (up to 1000 μm on request) |
|
Dispersion material |
Diamond, silicon carbide (SiC),. hex. boron nitride (hBN), boron carbide (B4C), PTFE; nanoparticles (< 1 μm) |
Diamond, silicon carbide (SiC), hex. boron nitride (hBN), boron carbide(B4C) |
|
Particle sizes |
1-3 Nano / μm or specialised applications up to 50 μm) |
1-3 Nano / μm |
|
Contour accuracy |
High |
Medium-high |
PRODUKT
SYSTEMSHEET
REQUIREMENTS
REQUIREMENTS FOR WEAR / CORROSION RESISTANCE FROM DIAGLIDE COATINGS
The characteristic of frictional coefficient reduction is linked to certain design requirements, and certain design variants influence the characteristics of protective layers:
> Design of contact surfaces – wear when surfaces rub against each other is greatly influenced by the type and size of the actual (microscopic) contact surfaces. The roughness of the contact surfaces and the orientation of machining structures such as turning or grinding grooves play a role here. The smoother a surface, the larger the actual contact surfaces and the lower the actual surface pressure at the contact surfaces. The severity of wear tends to increase with an increase in the surface roughness of one or both friction partners.
> Hardness of the surface of the contact surfaces – a higher surface hardness improves the resistance to shearing or breaking off of material from the component surfaces of the friction partners. The risk of shearing or chipping is lower if the surfaces of the friction partners are made of the same material.
> Mechanical properties of the substrate – coatings with a high level of hardnesses, such as chromium, require a substrate with sufficiently high
load-bearing capacity to prevent the coating from cracking or breaking; alloy steels, for example, are ideally suited.
> Coating of the contact surfaces with foreign substances – the friction properties of two tribological surfaces are changed by the presence of foreign substances (oil, grease, dirt). Oil and grease usually have a positive influence on the friction properties, dirt a negative influence. However, oils and greases as well as any degradation products that may arise can impair the corrosion resistance. If dispersion coatings are used, it must be checked as to what extent foreign substances impair the effect of the embedded particles.
> Design – electroless nickel coatings (primarily nickel) are characterised by a high degree of contour accuracy and do not require mechanical finishing to achieve surfaces with a high degree of accuracy of fit. With electroplated coatings, edge build-up must be expected, which becomes more pronounced with increasing coating thickness. In individual cases, the possibilities for mechanical finishing must be checked before applying a coating.
Cross-section through the electroplatedDIAGLIDE nickel dispersion layer with embedded nanoparticles (left) and an electroless nickel-phosphorous layer with embedded silicone carbide (SiC) and very good layer distribution with contour accuracy (right).
PRODUKT
SYSTEMSHEET
Schematic representation of a wear-resistant DIAGLIDE system consisting of dispersion layer and counterpart of the friction pairing
